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Iris is the colored circle around the pupil. (look at the image 1). It is mostly confound with retina. As you can see on the image, they differ from each other with explains the huge difference between retina and iris scan.
Image 1
Click picture to enlarge. |
However people think of the retina and the pupil of the eye when eye recognition is talked about the iris consists of a different part of the ye. The reasons why iris is used as a biometric technology:
 Every eye on the earth is unique
The rate of finding two similar iris is 1/1078.
Twins has the same dnas but different iris.
Eye iris is the less effected part from the genetic formations.
Eye iris is not affected by constant diseases.
Iris is nor effected by the race,sex and skin color.
It is an organ which can be measured and visible with the eye.
The only organ which never changes.
It does not change since the 16th month of a baby till the death.
Eyelid is the protective cover of the eye.
It is placed on our head where our reflexes and our senses are.
Eye is the first organ to lose after death (3 sec). . |
How does iris recognition work?
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1. Iris' digital image is taken.
The iris recognition system takes a black&white picture of the eye using the latest imaging technologies that are used on cameras too. The system requires the users volunteer look. The present technology is used upon the users choice.
2. Analyse of an image
A software is used to analyse the image. Iris is differentiated from the other parts in the image.
3. The formation of the IrisCode®
Formed with an operation called "demodulation", with a software.Demodulation operation uses "2D Gabor wavelets" function to arrange the picture in 512 bytes independent from its size and properties. The IrisCode® is stored in the database in order to be identified and verified. The IrisCode® is encrypted and can not be used for other purposes.
4.Identification
The IrisCode® taken from an alive eye can be matched in the database within seconds. The security level is set by the size of the databse in order to avoid misidentifications. The system is able to use the damaged or wrong data (day light angle etc...) by eliminating the valuable data to use.
Compared to other biometric technologies, iris recognitions biggest advantage is its ability of multiple searching and independency of the size of the database. So the user is free of carrying cards or remembering passwords.This is enough to explain why Iris recognition is preferred on some national projects ( e-passport, identity, driving licence, fast passenger systems for airports)
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Why Iris Recognition?
The unnecessity of cards or brokable devices.
The unnecessity of remembering passwords.
The only thing that the user is supposed to do is a look to the device from 10-25 cm.
The malfunction rate of the device is 1/1042.
Hygienic, because there is no need to touch.
Internationally and national researchs proved that id does not harm the eye.
Can be used with glasses, lens and also sunglasses.
The only biometric system that can be used on special bases where special wears are necessary (nuclear researchs,etc...) .
It does not recognise the eye color .
On of the few biometric systems that can not be used after the death.
It is a biometric technology which can be used on a natioal procejt where high security levels are required.
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